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Published Studies
Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of manual K-files and reciprocating files in glide path preparation: a micro-computed tomography study of constricted canals
Abstract: Optimum Glide Path (OGP) is a new reciprocating motion aiming to perform efficient glide path preparation in constricted canals. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare manual and OGP movement in terms of canal transportation and centering ability in glide path preparation of constricted canals.
Summary of Findings: This study showed that OPG motion contributed to significantly lower transportation, as well as offering a safe and efficient motion.
Open Access - Link to Full Article
Liu, J., Zhou, Z., Tseng, W., & Karabucak, B. (2021) Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of manual K‑files and reciprocating files in glide path preparation: a micro‑computed tomography study of constricted canals. BMC Oral Health, volume 21, Article number: 83 :2021, PMID: 33622296 PMCID: PMC7903633 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01440-3
Classification and cyclic fatigue evaluation of new kinematics for endodontic instruments
Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of new motions of the motor of Tri Auto ZX2 on the cyclic fatigue of endodontic instruments.
Summary of Findings: Significant improvement of cyclic fatigue compared to continuous rotation (OTR), file failure rate significantly decreased with OGP motion, and high predictability (OGP & OTR).
Gambarini , G., Piasecki , L., Miccoli, G., Gaimari , G., Giorgio, R., Nardo, D., Azim, A., & Testarelli, L. (2018) Classification and cyclic fatigue evaluation of new kinematics for endodontic instruments. Australian Endodontic Journal, Vol 45: Issue 2: 154-162, PMID: 30113735
Optimum glide path motion is safer than continuous rotation of files in glide path preparation
Abstract: This study evaluated the resistance to flexural fatigue and torsional strength of files for glide path preparation in continuous rotation or OGP.
Summary of Findings: OGP increased resistance to flexural fracture and torsional strength when compared to continuous rotation.
Gavini, G., Akisue, E., Kawakami, D., Caldeira, C., Candeiro, G., Vivan, R., Calefi, P., Alcalde, M., & Duarte, M. (2021) Optimum glide path motion is safer than continuous rotation of files in glide path preparation. Australian Endodontic Journal, Vol. 47 (3):544-549, MID: 33913601
Influence of continuous rotation or reciprocation of Optimum Torque Reverse motion on cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium rotary instruments
Abstract: This study evaluated the resistance to cyclic fatigue of ProTaper Next, Revo-S, Mtwo and EndoWave files, used in continuous rotation or in reciprocation of OTR motion.
Summary of Findings: OTR motion significantly improved cyclic fatigue resistance.
Pedullà, E., Corsentino, G., Ambu, E., Rovai, F., Campedelli, F., Rapisarda, S., La Rosa, G. R., Rapisarda, E., & Grandini, S. (2017) Influence of continuous rotation or reciprocation of Optimum Torque Reverse motion on cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel-titanium rotary instruments. International Endodontic Journal, Vol. 51(5): P522-528, : 2018 May, PMID: 28329416 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12769
Influence of kinematics on the cyclic fatigue resistance of replicalike and original brand rotary instruments
Abstract: This study evaluated cyclic fatigue resistance.
Summary of Findings: Study demonstrates that OTR significantly improves the cyclic fatigue resistance of all tested files systems.
Martins, J., Silva, E., Marques, D., Ginjeira, A., Fernandes, F., Deus, G., & Versiani, M. (2020) Influence of Kinematics on the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance of Replicalike and Original Brand Rotary Instruments. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 46(8) P1136-1143
Comparison of penetrability and glide path preparation times using Tri-Auto ZX2+ and hand files
in constricted root canals with periapical lesions
Abstract: Study of preparation times using Tri-Auto ZX2+ vs Hand files.
Summary of Findings: Shorter time with higher success rates of apical patency and glide path preparation compared to hand files (OGP2).
Ushikubo, T., Hasegawa, T., Tanaka, M., Kiho, K., Sakai, C., & Kawano, S., (2024) Comparison of Penetrability and Glide Path Preparation Times Using Tri-Auto ZX2+ and Hand Files in Constricted Root Canals with Periapical Lesions. The Journal of Japan Endodontic Association, Vol. 45, 106-111
Case 1: Curved root canal (left maxillary first molar)
Preopeative Postoperative
Mesiobuccal (MB) and distobuccal (DB) roots of #26 are constricted, and only a few millimeters of patency was achieved with hand files. Then a mechanical glide path using OGP2 was established. OGP2 could obtain glide path preparation without any difficulties such as broken files or ledge formation to constricted canals even to DB, which has severe constriction and S-shape curvature. Total time to complete mechanical glide path using OGP2 was 5 minutes.
Case 2: Sclerosed root canal (right maxillary first molar)
Preopeative Postoperative
The radiographic images highlight that a root canal system was still present. The detection of the root canal orifice and root canal preparation were difficult due to the presence of mineralized tissue. The OGP2 mode contributed to attaining patency and glide path on 4 roots, including the second mesiobuccal (MB2) root canal. Subsequently, root canal preparation was completed using OTR mode on the device. All procedures ranging from the patency of the 4 root canals to the final root preparation were carried out in approximately 7 minutes.
Case 3: Patency abandoned (left maxillary second molar)
Preopeative Postoperative
Retreatment case of #37, root canal patency was not obtained during the past treatment. After root canal orifices are specified, patency was obtained using OGP2. Both mesiobuccal (MB) and distobuccal (DB) canals have S-shape curvature, and especially MB was challenging. If only with hand instruments, treatment time for MB would be extremely long. BY using OGP2, total time needed for glide path preparation was 14 minutes in total; 6 minutes for MB, 5 minutes for DB and 3 minutes for palatal canal.
Clinical images and comments are provided by: Dr. Toshihiro Ushikubo Dr. Motoki Okamoto Dr. Tai Gega
*The Images shown here represent examples of post surgery progress at the clinic that provided the photos.
*A pre-sales clinical survey conducted by J. MORITA MFG. CORP. showed that of the dentists that used OGP2.77% used it for patency and 86% used it for glide path.
